Climate change and the Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems (WEFE) nexus in the Mediterranean Basin

The Mediterranean is a climate change hotspot where both human societies and ecosystems face high exposure and vulnerability. Population and economic growth, agricultural intensification, urbanisation, pollution, and unsustainable resource
management impact the level of insecurity for water, energy, food, and ecosystems (WEFE), putting the capacity of Mediterranean countries to reach the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda at risk.

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Illustrated Synthesis Climate Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems (WEFE) nexus in the Mediterranean Basin

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Please cite as: MedECC (2025). Climate change and the Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems (WEFE) nexus in the Mediterranean Basin. Graphical Synthesis. MedECC Secretariat, Marseille, France.